Socialist Challenge No. 5, 7 July 1977
The scan: sc-n05-jul-7-1977.pdf (PDF, Marxists Internet Archive)
Uncorrected machine reading of the whole issue. This text was read by machine (Apple Vision OCR) from the scan and has not been corrected or cut into articles. Each page gives the headlines first, then the columns in order, so one article runs on into the next. Expect misread words. Use it to find things; quote from the scan.
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Socialist Challenge BUILD A SOCIALIST OPPOSITION FOR A UNIFIED REVOLUTIONARY ORGANISATION BALILE GRUNWICK
to be the most mighty display of strength and unity in defence of trade
movement seen in years."
SCABS SHALL NOT PASS ON 11 JULY
•We call for this
unionism that our
has
- Grunwick Strike Committee.
OnE ANGELA PHILLIPS (r-
INCORPORATING RED WEEKLY
7 July 1977 No.5
INSIDE:
*This system has not been transformed, has not been democratised, and has even maintained many of its aspects of coercion in relations with the socialist states of the East, as was brutally demonstraled by,the military occupation of Czechoslovakia."
SANTIAGO CARILLO
ON THE DEGENERATION
OF SOVIET SOCIETY
8
CHARLIE DOYLE
ON EUROCOMMUNISM
.. Pages 889
THE POLISH
STATE GUILTY
OF POLITICAL
HOMICIDE SAY ITALIANCOMMUNISTS
... Page 10
GRUNWICK FEVER
HITS DARLINGTON
JOURNALISTS THE ROMAN
CATHOLIC CHURCH
...Page 13
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GRUNWICK
here?'
said the cal.
don't care much where —" said Alice.
so. long as / get somewhere,
long enough': over the coming years.
It is a revealing commentary on the situation in Britain under a Labour Government in 19T7 that a basic question involving the right of workers to join a trade union of their choice cannot be resolved without a major clash with the State.
proves that Michael Foot's laws to protect trade union rights are a joke; that trade union leaders in the TUC only pay attention when confronted with rank-and-file militancy. all, they let the strike linger on for 44 WOOKS. Their advice to the Grunwick strikers that If they persevered (or walked long enough as the Cat would have it in Alice in Wonder(and) they would get somewhere:
This advice tumed out to be worse than useless. The strikers and those workers who support them realised that class-struggle politics are not only correct in the abstract, but also provide the most practical means to lead a struggle to victory.
THE NUT
The lactory itseif la a sweatshop. presided over employer. a nineteenth century
Georpe Ward (the nut in question). Ward could have been smashed
carted trade union action,
the trade unions contined
and avoided action;
vened to and the Post
boycott, and because Ward's close and friendly links with Scotland Yard ensured heavy police protection for the scabs (we now learn that important police flims are processed, no doubt cheaply, by Grunwick).
THE SLEDGEHAMMER
As a result the union Involved, APEX, reluctantly called for 'mass picketing. The police moved in reinforcements and throughoul the country Dogan to Tediao what was at stake.
The Government defendto una ponice and in an attempt to cool the situ-
ation appointed a Court of Inquiry headed by Lord
They hoped by doing so to end
The union
chiefs were prepared to
capitulate and call it off.
But Ward's refusal
COULDIY with the verdict
coupled with the strike
committee's militancy for-
Editorial
Socialist Challenge, 328/9 Upper Street, London N1.
Editorial 01-359 8189 News 01-359 8180 Distribution 01-359-8301
sledgehammer
andthenut
Would you tell me please, which way fought to go from That depends a good deal on where you want fo get to,
Then it doesn't matter which way you go", said the Car.
said Alice Oh, you're sure to do that, said the Car, If you only walk
(Carroll, Alice's Adventures in Wonderiand)
THE PICKET LINE outside the Grunwick factory In North London symbolises today the most Important political struggle which is taking place in the country. Its outcome will help to determine the sort of struggle we are likely to see
ced APEX to retreat.
THE TORY PARTY AND A DEFEAT The political organisation which is in real disarray over Grunwick is the leadership of the Tory Parту. Margaret Thatcher's patronage of the National Association For Freedom and her own right-wing views Impel her to Ward and be done with it.
But the Interests of mainstream of the British ruling class require that the dispute is resolved quickly by legislative methods without union bashing.
So the Tory front bench -815 Senty 33 Callaghan baits them for opposing trade union rights. nificant section of the Tory backbenchers are not as shy, and most of them have been backing Ward. PereSunday's Telegraph spoke about Ward: it is an infectious, not to say inspiring spectacie, which has already releasad great waves of Let the law againat violent forced and the striking postmen punished.. the Conservatives say that when returned power, will not hesitate fo rise to the challenge.
But the moderate, consensus Tories are alarmed at what Is taking Ronald Butt, the dull and uninspired hack columnist of the Sunday Times was replying to Worsthorisms when he wrote:
Nothing excuses the vidlence at the Grunwick gates, on the other hand the right of en individual to som a trade union, as abo not to join, is a freedom. The Tones must not allow themselves to be
position on this paint...
A defeat Grunwick would considerably ald a Jougher policy from both this and the next Government. It would show the unions incapable of putting into practice their motto: An injury agalnst one is an Injury against all.
VICTORY: A VITAL SHOT ACROSS THE BOWS A victory at Grunwick is vital for the British working class. No major union has ao far resisted the Labour Government's policies, This policy has allowed sections of workers to be ISDESER defeated. Grunwick is opportunity to reverse 1his tide.
strikes
again
GEOFF BELL reports.
Perhaps the police thought it was their last opportunity to Ward: their hatred of workers in
Or maybe the thuggery was a Tinal attempt by someone in high authority to frighten the striker Into giving ap mass action and handing nver their fate to judges and courts of inquiry.
Whatever was no mistaking the scale of th violence.Ray Edwards.
General Secrelary of APEX -who has been suspected of being in favour of ceding the pickeling back acacribed the polce aticks
graphically. the i have seen police me ea
pickle said, But 1 here never wards said. seen the brutality which I saw on this picket line toduy
one wade is only thee died
boots, using their helmets *s truncheons.
Edwards was referring to th A sig- police assault on the pickets at
Chapter Road at about 9.30 a.m Colin Talbot, a member of the Executive of the National Enice of Students, was on the receiving end of the attacks: *A half-hearted shove at the pal reaction CUCTION TITU. than Just counter-pushing, the police started ramming делі-ир cruse a against the dozen
redge of police tried to off the front portion of pickets.
Let wu butted out of be piest. 1 Then Individuals started
EXAMPLES reader of Socialist Challenge should he doing for the Granwick strikers were given last week In Manchester.
On the Tuesday a coachload of Manchester engineers travellod down to the picket line. On Wednesday and Thursda bers of the Interoational Maraist crucier Group, arranged a series of factory and BIR PRICO HOU
Street for Gandhi, a member of the Gruna false
solutions ibal
TEMY
economic
ELIL E the
George Ward's
rent a mob
Rumours flew around the Grunwick picket line last Friday that APEX was going to try and call off the mass picketing. That may have been one reason why the police attacked sections of the picket with more ferocity than st any time since the first few days of the mass picket.
reason, then Assistant The vlo. inbody expecte
flying the
arrest.
Building solidarity
every wick strike committee.
of the APEX area affice,
Kings.
transport for 11 July.
Kanlesh city.
OUR POLICIES
- I in crist. The Senden uf the
WUNETS DUE USELESS T
These shuuld be
alone moline a sir age of patter
Led and democradir revolutionary socinis af united froat sacies, begin in he sece as on sonation which con. through an application anernanse by thomands of warkers engaged in Such an organisation should he laced on the
Bill Freeman's arrest: Tay started kicking me
sction in
turned round and smashed ment belmet into the face of a pick. ments had
Thepolice
police
one at u time.
Seven factories were visited in 81 800 COC COUT WON ERO SUPPOE
who only a week before bad made no arrangentents for factory meet-
Now an action cormittee has
set up to build solidarity with the strikers and to arrange a police boot.
• IT 15 LI
duplicated in every town and sort of activity which should te bus, Jim said
Used layers of society - Momen, Huck sarsaaling for their Sheratien sea organs of power and defeating with all necessarz means the power of the capitalis Ser-
2 Our socialism will he infinitely more
democratir than what cases in Britain
models af socialism" In the ESSR and Faster Europe have discredied sectalisin in the eyes of millions of workers threshout the world. We are opposed to them and will offer full support to all these fighling for secialist democracy.
of the print worker whose solidarieg
demanding the right of reply to severul pro-manage
editorials advertise cuused much anger
ruline circles, fall freemen of the print union NATSOPA told of bis arrest:
pavement with
saddenly came up and said. "Right, get up the rond" But we couldn't because other
were blocking exit. Then they started pushing and prodding and picking ss u
Suddenly I was li the back of the bus ano the started kicking me.
Bill's brother, George, was also arresded and hesten, while he other beother, Jim, was yet anniber of the Freeman TAme: who found himself at the end of
Tsuw my brothers in the police
1 went ap and asked the police
3
SOCIALIST CHALLENGE 7 July 1977 p2
if I could speek to them. The ergeant sud ll Bine Fou Re grubbed hold of my co biers and pulled me onto the bu CUT HAULE SEE has. I've had five serious bear attacks and when they got to thi STOOD TOUE them an hour and a half to get luca. It took
me a docter There is evidence that the potice picked out those they wusted to arrest. Ray Edwands said: "Quite frankly I think it was planned in advaace.
DETERMINED
In some ways there was notbiag these pickets" experiencis. It was jos one raore day on the Grannick
of police uttucks Just one more reason why th STUNS WORLD supporters are determined not li
be heaten off the streets — det-
The interests of workers and capiss is are inconcilable on a mark sale. Capicalism has not unts enested
In Arilain it implies demanding the
and letsing the irish people desermise their men
Euni
for the averthrus if the capitatist state. Ne
neessily. This means ise right co arganis
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Grunwick fever sweeps
150 fascists chargedemo
The son-member countries.
Part of the way it does this is by publishing regular surveys of the economic statistics and prospects of its members. One such survey
Mast been prepared for the DECD by a group of expert Western economist
They Include a former chairperson of the Council of Econ-
Advisors to the US Presi
alian Central Bank, a forme
of the German
ouncil of Economic Advisers, a ormer vice-president of the
Market Commission. and the Master of an Oxbridge college.
subject went
had it so good усал years of high unemployInflation and very little growth, And their conclusion t was nothing but the regrettable consequence of a series of unfor-
ate accidents
The study, Towards Full Employment and Price argues that the problems faced by the countries in the 1970s have been caused hy two main factors. First, there was a series of shocks to the economies of the West, shocks which had their origins DISCE LICE RUBE STOLEN 24 bail down to a succession
arvest failures coupled with the large rise in all prices in 1972-4.
The second cause is seen as the fact that most capitalist states in sionary economic policies at a
were quite inappropriate Thus posed on the US financing of the Vietnam war by the printing of
disasters over which there was no control; an attempt by the
more effectively, and mistnices and incompetence in demand
Not surprisingly then, these
economists reject..
HE VIEW HE CASHI MATC riented systems and democratic solitical institutions have failed WAS TELES I BEC LO! existing instruments of economic policy, and better functioning marker mechanisms. exiting
HOME NEWS
Sunspots, Arab oil
and the crisis
by SUE HIMMELWEIT and SIMON MOHUN
Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development has as its members the world's major capitalist countries. The stated aims of this rich nation's club are to promote economic growth, full employment and financial stability amongst its members; and to help spread the beaefits of capitalist development to poorer
In the nineteenth century some economists believed that econ The DECD's argument today is exactly the same. takes something external to cap italism as a system (the sun, the weather, the Arabs, the stupidity of governments) in order explain why capitalism gets into ITAMINE But Marxists know that capit-
alism gets into trouble precisely because it is capitalism Crises are inberent within the capitalist system. They will continue to occur and recur as long as capitalism remains. For capiterty, private owsership and con its driving force is the profit; production is production or profit and not production for people's needs.
Bur production is organised through the increasing specialiThis situation, of growing socialIsation of the forces of produc tom, is constantly disrupted by rivate property relation Such a disruption is called crisis. Roughly speaking. nain way of increasing profits i by increasing productivity, Productivity is increased by replacing workers with machines. process tends to lead to falls in profitability. A crisis these falls marked that capitalists stop investing.
This is what has been happening in the advanced capitalist countries over the past few years.
It is nonsense to identify this Boss of capitaliste he result of a series of accidents Nonsense it is. but this bon sense will be repeated time and time again by the experts capius ror by passing our te troubles of capitalism as of accidents which can be avoid working class from seeking alternative to this bankrupt sys anses are not accoco.
They are part and capitalism itself. The only way to get rid of them is to get rid of capitalism.
UNITED AGAINST RACISM
TUC National Anti-racist Demonstration Saturday 9 July 1pm Ducie Street carpark, outside Strangeways Prison,
Manchester.
Rally, Whitworth Park, 3.30pm. TUC and Labour Party speakers
building.
A hundred and eight NUJ members have been on strike ar the North of England news papers for live wicks, tollowins a management decision to smash the union's closed shop at Darl ington by hiring a Don-NUI sub-editor.
Three successive Friday nights of mass pickerine have brought a police response. number of arrests now stands at explanation
to
not
but
43.
The main
CERTOUR attempt to do so without allow ing the picket leaders persuade turn back. police can readily push their way throuch the nickels, they nave deliberately chosen to arrest as many journalists as possible Northern Echo have cheered on the side lines as HEIL TAKE HOIC MA DOC MICKELLS the picker line swirled around a van for which the police were So thin occurs
50 growth a parcel of
Darlington
A raging epidemic of Grunwick fever is sweeping the Darlington police force, erupting last Friday night in the arrest of 25 journalist pickets outside the Northern Echo
down like a since before the war NUd vice-president Denie MacShane being arrested — 50 yards from the piloker sine
trogble develot
HAS CU Line a chance the drivers Erco bough
management
interested in the most scists (right] souse black militants on Lewishem 21 march
Police assault striking journalists
Superintendent Ken
Screaming &! the top of his voice "Make arrests, make arrests!'
According to a veteran mem DET DI LAMMON RACE CIRCL
so it a the Nonbeli
on trade bingion
Two senior NUJ members, Regional Organiser John Hodgman and Vice-President Denis MacShane, were arrested about
fly vards away from the nicke
ben they went to help th wife of the secretary of Darling ron moe council who was being forcibly dragged away by
ARRESTS
afterwards. "John Hodgman and 1 were trying to restore som
calm but the police seemed onl
blatant intimidation against NUJ mem
Abso arrested were NUJ execu-
tive member Aidan White and Chairperson of the NUJ London area council Eric Gordon, as well
strike committee at Darlington.
The arrests show the desperation of the Nortbern Echo man agement at the Journalists" solid defence of their closed shop. At
they might have to start paying decent wages to their journalist and possibly lose their roo arr on editorial control
Some of the strikers ar Dar-
more fron
than from their Westminster Press pay packets. Others with wiversies deprees. wears of train ing and experience consider themselves lucky if they take home 10 a week Westminste Press notched up I4.2 million
The response from other trade union members inside the Northern Echo building has been disappointing The vans Boing through the NUT picket lines belong to NATSOPA.
Last Friday senior London
Londen. arrested.
campaign ably absent.
SOCIALIST CHALLENGE 7 July 1977 p4
NATSOPA members, includin
remin, are arrested on th
were arrested on thi Grunwick picket line. 250 mile ARU AIL TAEVENOUSE ATSOP members the Northern Echo were doing pr
Wing bus drivers do each mornin drive through a picket lio with a load of scab material.
PLEDGE
The attitude of the National Graphical Association meniber: who compose the type and print than helpful. In spite of a pledge from the NGA executive council
Fight, NGA memhers at Darling ton have not get moved
watche carefully bewsbosses,
sands with the introduction of nea rechnology The NUJ must be given the maximum support For its right to organise all journalists. The cos arrangement between the goll playing seniar managements who run the Darlington police and the Darlington newspapers must be
against the Darlington pickets resisted.
DERISION
Both Darlington and Grun ASTE ME THE LO ANOTHE union righrs. But for journaliso
and the rest of the labour moveSISSIE caches beyond that. When Deni MeShane spoke on behalf of th
was grected with shouts of deriPrimworkers on the Sun, Ohserver and Sunday Telegrapl bave already demonstrared the kind of action that can secure the right of reply to the : press's lies about Grunwick. It is vital that journalists now Coed shopse with e
NEL JOE BEESS IOODI
Messages of support and detai of the nest mouse picket: NUJ
Road, Darlinglon. Plone 0335 502RZ.
EGGS, PIECES of metal, and even crustle soda were hurled by 150charging National Front mens-
ling to march against the con aptracy charges Inid against the
The ranks of the local NE were boosted by a coachload of emia
being held in the East LYDE DECUL End of
Fifty-six arrests were
the High Streetat New Cross
The Front's unexpected charg
were reluctant te allow & public escalation of violence but were OLE INTU CHEY OUCHOI criminate arrests of black souths In side roads. They were aided by
anti-racist demonstrators were
The racist Froat - under tbe guise of their ' Stop black must ing, support your local hobby
sill undoubtedl hold their own demonstration in the near future. The whole of the
mobilisation if thia occurs. Sarurday, the far left, the Young Communist Legue Labour Party and individuais from the Lahour Party turnedout
Page 5 scan of this page
Miners spurn Contract
Jones' swan song to the Contract
a four day working week without loss of pay.
Arthur Scargill has declared that the NUM should press ahead with these policies irrespective of what the TUC decides in September, In a similar vein Scargill intends to seck further support for the 11th of July day of action at Grunwick.
he Cention
massive majority.
President Joe Gormley has calmed frayed nerves in National Coal Hoard and Government circles by saying that the principle was for
However a Yorkshire amend ment changes "seeks" to demands". The meaning of Scargill' omments on the TUC is that: new wage increase should start to In contradiction to tbe "12-monthbetween pay-claims rule" at prean 'orderly return to free collective bargaining.
Jones plans that the weeping abould extend well into next sted to support the TUC sruleof в тюраля реноса решара: раз
Phase 3 by the bac door. If the Br
mmedimely resumed. The policy
Mich the TUC leaders will put to will be issued on 23 July.
Speaking to car industry deleconference Jones made it clea that the policy of the TOWU Icadership did not mean any break with the Social Contract, Thereturn to normal collective bergaining is no attack on the Social Contract nor is it any aboutturn in policy', besaid.
OPPOSITION
Hat over 150 bodies of the union have put down resolutions against the Social Contract. number of branches combine this apposition with the call for subi sliding scale of wages which neans, as Branch 9/236 puts it creased monthly by one per deat or every one per cent rise in the
as aaressed by
Union flashpoints
Weir support • THE OCCUPATION of the Weir Hospital in Balham, South London- under threat of closure day of action one fuly. This ha 1 сети 00009-1
NUPE workers three South London bospitals, the DHSS branch of the Civil Service workers union, the abop stewards committee of manual warkers on cils, and from hospital workers in COHSE in the Sutton Area. The Soutb London medical branch of ASTMS has also joined in the fight to save che Weir.
I this kind of support for the mass picker of the Aren Health Authority offices is built upon. there are strong indications that viciory is in sight.
Just walt *SIXTY-ONE women working at
HOME NEWS
Productivity deal threatas
NO OPPOSITION will come from the leadership of the National Union of Mineworkers to resolutions which seek an updating of the 1975 policy of £100 a week for faceworkers, with built-in compensation for inflation and
JDE GORMLEY
Cent being peddled by Ler
THE ENG CHOCCONE OF SUCH & rule - Phase 3 bythe back door is not the only snare that awaits the The Government intends to give 49079000-10
• WEEPING may endure the night but joy cometh in the morning." Sospoke the departing prophet Jack Jones from his retreat on the isie of Man last Friday, before the start of this week's Biennial Conference of the transport workers. He was talking about the Social Contract and his policy of
By RAYBURNS
elected committees Br union members A left wing based on total the TG WU leaders is beginning to grow in the union. But the rigbt is
IMMIGRATION
Oneiastance is that out of the six motions tabied an race tom demand a halt to immigration and only one calls for the union to ganda The Standing Orders Committee of the Biennial Conference 1 notorious for cutting the ground away from under the feet of the left. I the Social Contract by the back door' gets through this wook in the Isle of Man, Jones plans to column against struggles decent wage. Sounding off against [GWU leaders would not tolerate founded claims But the immediate impact of cutting off transport workers
Wye Flectronics Is Chesterfield have been laid off, altbough the tirm nas contracts to meet, eme reason is cheir decision to jola the Lalan Sut moeths ago. This was confined when 17 women who resigned In by management.
Despite the clear attempt to break trade onion oceanation at the factory, the ALEW officiais have refused do make the dispate 0lC8l on le croonds that the union ir not rocognised by the factory..." Tomern were iald aff in the first which why pisce!
The ALEW has told the pickets to keep it cool until Wye's boss either reinstates or sacks them.
The unlon hasn't stopped at that. lecision that ACAS should b called in.
Messages of support to Aleen
By Steve Potter ARTHUR SCARGILE
vorkers through self-Snances
roductivity deals. The NUM executive has already backed such deals on a local level principle.
The Inst time that productivity deals were at the centre of the well-organised ruling class wages offensive was in JACK JONES - Biblical scholar. from putting in claims to defend living standards will be the isolafor a tion of the first workers to take an and test the new policy manual public sector workers.
Jack Jones has put on a minimal left face for this conference with his policy for £50 minimum wage fora forty hour week. Hecynically Iron will
* THE BRITISH Steel Corpora tion hasannounced its intention to close the plant we are occupying on 8 July, comcerned we'll say put.' These decermined words Morgan O'Brien of the occupation commirtee in ESCs Creenwich plan.
On Tuesday, supporters of the occupation marched from Hyd Park Corner lo Grossenor Place, home of the Although 20 workers have been forced to leave the occupation to take other jobs, and the prospects
dim, Morgan O"Brien is clear about who should take responsi belity.
prepared to trade
Rally with the
ability for
1974, when
system has created.
* this week at the
the miners for action
file forces around
kaders. that 'his burden is light other
and health workers fantastic.
eration, has done nothing. but as far as we are 'They haven't
come from
the police
and the BSC
mere Road, London SEIS. согрогаров.
Sure remedy
called -Remedy
pituls. Produced
tbe late sixties. The bosses wanted
it off for
ncreased wages. Today's crisis is
pay-off from productivity deals is
As Scargill put it the number of pit closures would "rise dramatic.
consequences of a
from South Wales on the agenda
deals
sent majorty. The cal for is
rejection of a piecework system
in the union which the day-wage
The policies that will be decided
Tynemouth conference will undoubedly b
But the main test for the left in
can be organised the policy decided at
struggle which will run straigh
ato the opposition of the TU Alliance
an emphasis surprising.
efficial action. strike action suggests that what is needed is * somecosmetic treatment' ontbe faceof the Labour Governmer By the Lager verone ne
the Labour Government he
yoke is easy, his
He told Socialist Challenge: "The support we have had from WELL.
workers throughout the especially engineering has boon Our own union. the Challenge: "The made a single shown
They haven't mentioned files. nor the links the Economic League
Messages of support and dona-
seRi *A NEW raak and Tile dewspaper Morrision
Thus sackings throughout West Glamorgan hus-
local
S30933S33888333E3888
HOW THE UNIONS
HAVE VOTED ON
WAGE RESTRAINT Local Gown
(Knowe views ol majorunions]
CONCITONSSTATED Icipal workers(GWU) 881,000
Shopworkere(USDAW)
agreements, shift pro
eachers (NLT)
rost OfficoWorkam(UPW)
136,000
it workors (NUTGW) 109,000
Teachersopenup
cuts opposition
by JANE SHALLICE London Socialist Teachers
OVER 150 TKACHERS attended NO LOCO IGNONGO TETU ham last weekend in an attempt to bulld a united opposition fo
The main participants ar the conference were members of the
Rank and File Teacher, but a feature of the weekend was the
the securiter the National where theon olive chers had been executive of the pressurised into calling their members to action.
All the speakers from these struggles stressed the importance
democratic pontrol of the actions that wore taking place -
hardh considering the lingness of the NUT leadership to suspend or expel from the union
members who take un
The conference also discussed
number of resolutions. One which was passed called for a national one-day strike during a week of action in October r against @ducabon curs orpanised to ch Campaign for Educational Advance, a sort of front for che
AMENDMENT
Rank and File members argued it was a mistake to fight for official union action. They now
Ifou delegates to fight for unofficial
in October. They posed unofficial action as the only tactic to be considered
This view was rejected by th
Various resolations were adop ted on salaries. These Included deisands for a special salaries conference of the NUT once the Government reveals its proposals
newspaper.hassele 400 copies in a
Secretary Gradisa Altwell [Chairperson, Morristen Hospi-
response to the newspaper has beea funtastic. Li
bealth workers looking foridess which can link u different hospleals sad groups o workers in a fight for more pay and against the cuts.
Preparacions are already under-
Remedy, price 10p from Grahu
twell, 147 Don Bond, Swar
*STAFF HAVE no permission to
SHALIST CHALLENGE TUrn
шов опу ватні Bank staf(NUBE) 102,000 Workers (MALGO)
Hospitalworkam (COHSEI 200,000
TOTAL IN FAVOUR 3.am
AGAINST
ngineers (AUE) 1,400,00
Managerialstalla ASTMS)
Civilservanta (SCPS P.D. Engineers (POEU;
TOTALAGAINST 2.8m
petricians/ EEPTI SWEARINU 130,000 Transport workers (TGWU)
Miners(NUMI
TOTAL 2.5m
on Phase Three: demands for fat
rate salary increases, and far
salaries to increase at the same
rate as the cost of living.
However, the ourcome of the
conference cannot be viewed in
leachers present recognised that
an electoral agreement for
Nut doctioco belween the StA
and R&F was necessary to draw
in broader forces than those pre
sently sympathetic 10 either
grouping
proposing this lad by far the The vote for
largest majority, but the
tion came precisely from the
forces agreement wai
essential: the leaders of the RaF
This should not sop further
initiatives on this question from
heing followed up, hur it is a
scandal that in a union where the
into two
groupings there has to be a fight
against each other as well us lie
right wing
The priority remains to cam-
main for united sinke achon, tot
a spocial salaries conference Bod
a united left slate in the autumn
SUCTICHE
NUTS 2
Oxtard pupils join striking tea chers in action against cuts
beinany of the offices of the sector
and his depart
ment anc
paasing." An asben-faced hospital
secretary delivered this hastily-
typed memorandum to 25 porters
occupying his office in Morriston
Hospital last Friday
The markers were
agadust the sacking of two porters
taken on only a fortight presi
ously to alleviate over-work and
staff shortages, Conditions in the
Morriston as in hospitals
around the country — are becom Union of Public Employees of the National
Morrison decided to give full backing to a campaign of dis
ment puctiog two more young
workers on tbe dole.
Page 6 scan of this page
Anti-abortion Bill could win Into battle against Benyon
Gay pride- world wide
lates: 3p per word Sar say before po. Calon Lapiy. 11.04
/HAT IS a Socialist Feminis 7.30pm. Router Lude are Pari
workin
m and Stalinism, Womer
HUN SOME TEACHER CON
Venue: Studenta Union
TOTE TOU E1. Contact # Savery. St, Hull. Tel
ghout thei Ding tephone Carole Spec
me permane Irator wilD seperienon ir
atre Admirestration, Arts Counc
on, Abount
dding 01-485 28:
Scottish Socialist
THE FAR RIGHT IN SCOTLAND
donald campbellon
HUGH MacIARMID
WS
Benyon's restrictive abortion bill wouldn't have a chance in a million of getting through Parliament this session. Yet now the anti-abortionists" battle to put the Bill to its final vote in the House of Commons seems set to succeed.
DODIE WEPPLER reports
What'sLeft
INTERNATIONAL COMMUNIST No 6 How ouf. Special No 37 The Fight do Workars Power
Ireland E2:10 oversees E2.30 ssues Britain and Ireland E4.20
insoled surface mail - asaled ma
BE Gifford Street, London NT 9DF.
sona INSTITUTE of Face Lee Rise of Britien Fascism in th
Asy about Portu apocial CAMDEN TENANT benefi will be staged do
pertormance on Thursday July 9 a:
Wants welcome.
sartar 77 and Womerla right Soviet paper:
biland, CREES, University of Br mingham
TYNDALE DEFENCE
tion for the standing committee which is considering the Bill to СС НЕН НЕВЕЯТЬ ВИ three days a week, abortionists are increasingly conneat that their measures will be put to the vote on 15 July
The National Abortion Cam-
stepped campaign for free
and the right of TO CIMOSC action on 25 June brought thou sands of street meetings were held in every major centre.
In Sheffield, London, tickets were mounted a local Birmingham побришь, всостаду чтел тле su
iverpool NAC -ADITER melanga centre launched hold a street rally.
It is this kind of action — which necds to be extended into an ever stronger national campaign
the women MPs Same Come SaDLE Tan to in order to defeat the Benyon Bill. Reiving on tactics "talking work in the long run. The MPs haven't socceeded in delaying by JAMIE GOUGH As Gay Pride Week ended last Saturday the offensive against homosexuals was resumed with the opening of the blaspemons libel case against Gay News in the Old Balley.
Although the charge brought by Mary ders the incation betra ridiculous, the intention
parallel the campnign of Anita Bryant, the US article on clanna back the few miserahle concessions that gays have exracted from the state and whipping up
morality andtbe family itself asan clement of capitalist rule
The Gay Freedom Week in the USA was a massive response 1o
yunr's reactiona
emonstrations of 25,000 marc ed in Chicago, Los Angeles and
largest in the USA since the
The 1,000 people who came out
Fight
The Go Skely to becau coming •
in G
1 сіне н
1373
place but the Hall
The tale of despite s a
clution to every dispute h
are the only effe
Benyon's march to date.
the
to the
abortion on
1200 AYOT
supporters into action:
Leices and Oxford no ' free vote
banned from city abortion issue in the past she denied the ban to after it wa Labour leaders
quickly
the remain STICK such as out the Hill wont
manghamn sast
demagogue,
campaign ists last Saturday.
Lesbian Left, Cay
Proposals on criminal trespass are
within the west sis weeks. In the
and more workers, especially in the capy their workplace in response to attacks and they will be met by the Inal trespass in place of the blunderbuss legislation.
is to preven machinery off the site. the picker lin
important.
there will be others on the way
mingham
A serious tight by the MPs will so mens abortion right massive support
who claim to support NAC were in their constituencies organising
the factories for the day of
Every effort must be made to
the Benyon Bill. There must be
on thir attack the workms class. It the MiPs refuse to support the Government in the lobbies → and they
- the would very comply and treat the Benyon Bill like any other which is of vital concern to the working.
The MPs can't be relied on to take the fight forward. If they
parliamentary will be forced why the decision of the national planning meeting of NAC taken in Bir-
TAPAS BAR RESTAU
was called by the Cataran Gay L Deration Fran!
In London at the beginning of Gay Pride Work showed how far the organisations movement in this country has to go. That was one of the problems racing a conference of gay social
Thetraditional strategies of the Gay Movement are increasingly being seen as inadequate, but the
movement capable of giving a new direction — the trade untien
Socialist the removal of
The picket line needs to b
with the tactic of occupation one which is not limited to the TO 0- OCTE SEE TS advantages: workers in occupaon are in a better position to oil-well sibo-making and exchange of
when they are not olated at home for most of the
Fi in the man-
under torrents of rain
The control over property and apital which results from occu CHELSEANE
central to their Bettocus waco the workers themselves occupying the Fisher-Bendix fac-
The national demonstration to he held on 24 Ocrobern Hir
with it dearth of ahortion facilities thanks to reneSORT ORC BARCODES CEO Tessor Hugh MoClaren unify the local campaigning actition movement.
STAND UP FOR ABORTION RIGHTS The lengon anti-abortion Bill could get through its third reading this month EMERGENCY PUBLIC MEETING Friday 15 July 7.30pm, Central Hall, Westminster You must he there to stop the Bill and defeat the anti-abortionists Also masslobbyof MPs, 3pms onwards, 12 July House of Commons More information from National Abortion Campaige 30 Camden Road, London NW1. Tel: 01-485 4303 rated fargayrights in Barcelona last month to aries ot: "We are ail a social danger/ The denio
groups and gay groups in politica.
remain frag
Members of all these group alcended the conference to discus issues like gays and class, "perbonal me and poone campaigns movement and socialist he all woten and men in the
An autumn conference is now being pianned where the necessary -EDER SWO DECLOR THER strategy for the gay movement
for occupations
SPEAKO
ALEX FRASER, National Organiser CACTL tory in Kirkby in 1972 ran out of fuel to keep the factory warm, it tes only took a couple of pbone calls to management — pointing out that the extreme cold might force theis to light a fire DCINIC IC company sent in what one worker called " enough fuel for an
The Campaign Against a Criminal Trespass Law (CACTL) bas ordinate opposition to the law and to build active local unity berween workers leosol. saut ters, and students. Through close support and work with most of the current occupations, the cam-
to extend ic vorkers who will have to decide whether to go into occupation A meeting for Health Service
SOCIALIST CHALLENGE 7 July 1977 p6
Iso agreed to support the call t
CHoo Mouton Kist
Campaign for a lobby of th
Labour Party Conference on :
wach is an imporan
means of hringing home to dele-
and the party leadershi
that women are determined lo fight for control of their fertility COuld Sari to he recover nationally based collective is to be SUL UP LO PAIR HIC COREET CHEC CEIL
groupings and Individuals will be welcorne to joir
Whitehouse's campaign makes movement not just desirable but the need for clarity in the VitaL:
• Contact Nigel Youn 368
Craven Road, London W9 fe details of the national collective workers faced with closure bat-
is being held this week, Jointly organised by the Landon hospital occupations and CACTL. One of the questions under discussion will he the organisation of a natlobal cooferenoe in the autumn to take forward the fight health cuts. A further meeting between all five current occupations in London is planned. with the aim of developing cooperation herween them
The Criminal Trespass Law can only be defeared by rank and file action on a massive scale and the
practice. As Lord Hailsham has quite rightly said: A law is not enforceshie at all. H a sufficeal swaber of people disregurd it nod this is true of all laws.
Page 7 scan of this page
TROTSKYISM HAS failed to re-situate the Leninist tbeory of party-class relations because of ils anaigsis of the historical epoch. In practice, this analysis appears as an over-emphasis oo the problem of leadership, an exaggerated bellef that the lack of correct leadership is the cause of ander-development of the class struggle und the failure to seize power.
The Trotskyist conception of the epoch BAs Tema ncd ststic and lesds to un undialectical separation of 'objective" and 'subjective" factors. Take this quate fram the Revolutionary Communist Group:
In the imperialist epoch capitalism suffers from a deep and protonged crisis which can only be resolved if there exists a тетродаг ралу capapis or wuuung the mass of the class to its programme The maintenance of capitalism rests, not on sis marcrial foundations for those ard in docay — but on the immaturity and backwardness of the working class and its CaUA SIP
"The various sharp political turns and
of periods advance with periods of reaction, spring not from changes in the economic base. hut from Impulses of a purely super structural character. In this epoch the outcome of the crisis rests on the sublective factor; the understanding, organiabon sau determination ol the revolu tonary party. ('Our Tasks and Metb-
Revolunionary Communisr No 1, page 5)
in this statement can be seen most of the weaknesses of Trotskyism. Firstly, it is absurd to see an undifferentiared period or 'epoch" which stretches from the first
uarter of thit century to today. To state
is the International Marxist Group does that this 'Imperialist stage of capitalism is
th opi m watil a detre ni se
TOTE SS CO TUAKE I MENDIONES
Ifn is to show, as Lenin pur it, 'the actuality of revolution', it revolutionary movement with a mechani. cal "law" which, when it doesn't operale, requires substitute factor af explanaton. In this "epoch', when capitalism is supposedly finished and stagnant as a
force, "temporary" factors save to be used to pover the inadequacy of Inc analysis. Focso inciuor, Jor virt0u) Trotskyist simply backward iadership, fut aleooa all or one of.
spending, the role of the dollar and nto-colonial exploitation.
TRANSFORMATION
Withour denying the role of these Factors, our criticism of Troiskytim in that it will not recognise the profound transtotmations or cacicalisco tilated in the 1930g, 40s and 50h under the influence of Keynesianisat, etc. selves perlectly cleár, Wo are not capitu
satich denie that cap tontradecions, ber some form of "revisionism"
BE Cr s aobuu conaas. we believe that the post-war reforms froze that process and now provide a different set of problems as these changes coliapse into a new crisis.
The changer in the relations between working class, capital and state have GCLSVC SCOIC CI Or SLAIC By using wages as a motor of capitalist development (enpouraging consumption
involving the State directiy in economic and social management, by attempting to
further incorporation of the trade unions: DOL 10 mention other TEC AN CIRE TITER HCSHE other financial and monetary relations between states - the system was given a new lease of life.
Trotskyiam fails to recognise the totality and importance of these changes in the
class conscibusness. Trotsky and his later followers failed to recognise the import-
Thirty delegates atteaded a plans-
Saturday to discuxs standing a
united socialise alate in the next
UFTOTEBELLUO
The meeting mas called by the
International Marxist Group and
CHE TEISC BOLSUESU LOOILT
Sn wolke te ta rivep el
trivialise the
VASCUSSION O SON I SUIEY BOACE
out of the talks going on berwoen
the IMG and Big Flame
TAHISCS TUR MAC TACE TIRE IH
the last year or so the left has
been trying to come to grips with
SWOSIOR CESSN LELICHE LEAN
fact that the
revolutionary left has fought shy
of clections ib the past. Wbore it
has stood it has done so merely to
SUTESDTUUO VENOULT
DoHaLng stunt.
OPEN FORUMI
of revolutionary
iaddies the . Let us make our-
very
Tation, Hebce:
Give forces was.
processes like ise for revolution is given.
Internasional, Vol. 2,
capitalism conld that syscemacie social impossible.
United we stand
The election strategy we are TUSIE SILIS USIUC NI setween these two courses, acring ns a focus for putting over altermaure sockas poncis a0 as a focus for existing struggles.
Represented were all the local SECESHELE CREASTACOOIER EI about standing Unitey Revaldinary anl, ide candidates:
Hull Socialist Allinoce, Tyneside iocialist Centre, and Merseyside TAHIMECE candidates. ln addition several IMG branches intending to stand
attended.
The meeting agreed that there W coac a mre due going fight to attempt to involve The Socialist Workers Party in a COmmON SALU
PAUL THOMPSON & GUY LEWIS ance of the New Deal or the post-war Keynesian reforms. They were prevented HOU HIBE LES TraCO naLure Or aC analysis. The nature of Trotsky's charac terisation of the epoch meant that any dentitication or capitals deve/oomiens automaticaily ruled out proletarian revo-
If the further development of product-
conceivahle within the framework of bourgeois society, then evolution would be impossible. But since Ene HorEAer ac copIcAE DEENe ProducEe forces... Is inconcievable, the basic prem-
(Trotsky, The of the Communisr
Thin was added to by statements that
Songer meet the "imediate needs of the masses", and
tesorms PUTU anven ms, any changes tn capitalism, while seen by Trotskyists as a concesson to reformum. could Dot be
Socialist Unity was TrOLIERETs :adoplcd class struggle sinte. But the nam and all other qucations of pro gramme, as well as the basis ot an appeal to ocher individual mslcants. finaily decided at a conference united revilu- thás ButucnD.
Tameside However, in the event of a snap CICORE S SCrEm CaME
sto tid Mig Pamantinde
Socialist Uniry badies invalved was given ful powers to go ahead aod draw up *Phe sering contmites. meet monthly, rotated around ine arcas waere socians ni) candidates wil be sanding: next will take place in Manchester on Saturday 23 July.
THE REVOLUTION
UNFINISHED ?
A CRITIQUE OF TROTSKYISM
A BIG FLAME PAMPHLET
An Extract
seen as real reforms No matter what imaginative and more sembus aemes ay soc втоскути mov ment mere made to analys levelopments, they are heid within the OWE CELULELICAL SERULEAEL. LOGEEA only see the development or expansion of capitalism (Lie "booma") as due la
the "subjective factor" of leadership.
BOOM SITUATION
4 UCiS CUSCOCUe CI 1972 they related the ability of capitalisa to regenerare itself as a product
temporary measures to create a boom situation.
It is even shown in the tille of Mandel's rocent book, Late Capiralism, to which one observer acidly responded - a system is never late until it is Gioad the title COT
groups and will be
1
of all the
the next
seering committee will VE HS DUEIEEE
The 2
50р
Tratskyism had orased to regard the bourgeoisie as a bile to develap the producLIVE LOTE U ENES NOUC Sy CHel post-war reforms. In fact, it was able to use both the needs and the desires of the masse and the colaboration of Europcan soçin democracy and Stalinism to creale a new period of stability and expansion. But this DOCS NOC MCA CEC DOETEEDUSIC UEEEAS politicaily progressive force It was the strength, actual and potential of -WOIAA the bourgeoisic develon IH HIC CH UIMarC,CD institutionalise class ooods sod strugsie of cather than simply negate them
ignored statement that "the working cinss is thegrearess productive forceof all In this light, tie boom and stability of the system has to he seen in certain ways.
The SILAILE CHRECI THE FOLLOWING resolution was adopted by an overwhelming lo that
of the Socialist Workers Party:
Eloctoral activity will not be a significans fielc work for the vas maiority of toc unils oE tho barty except, in the event of a General EJecion, for a few weeks over General Élection (or in suirable rCal COLC CHEEC JIL 3 by-elections) is a uselul suppie-
ATCOS of activity but oo more than that.
We scand candidates as
tion, with the sim of
structure ha difteren: basis
dependent on
examples Firstly
fication",
date.
workers
and srndings, Srapgis.
Secondly, direct
of struggles. objective basis.
DULCEIS
conclude thar
WILICIL toroed
lo make reformns
attempting. for
as in 1 the This only contirms Mark's often
THa31 8Ha8 starled,
peforms were real, systersatic and
in canital's material
Where the SWP
stands
recruiting and puccing our ideas
minoray workers who. ar chis stare, are recepeie lo socae of our criticisnas of the Lates Perv mount a Tim Party TUC anti-lascist campaigd. We wil not enter into a bloc or front witl other organisations, least of al with those who have no base in the working class
We adopt a tactically 3C0DE position with respect to voles for the candidates af other parties where we are not contesting. We will Dot cHtpaiga Lor theio. I may well be useful, circumstances, to offer an elect- WS CHILS
SOCIALIST CHALLENGE 7 July 1977 =
foundations. The crisis was due 1o combination of two forcel Firt strugele of the workin
conomic and social needs: for in divoroed trom productivity and a deci level of social services. This has te forced the second factor: the competi ETIOS TRELAERISILAUDI Cnc crisis is not a question of over-producti or demand management, It is a product LNE HW UT VULCBIEITEDIN ability of the internatiocal working cla to accelerate these condicions of declin
This separation of base an supe
been wichlr Trotsk
to see the mature of class struggle
impulses of pure superstructural characler The chung ciass struggles are, for the most pår direct result of changes capit material foundations. To take a coup
change n tedesto o apr
of mechanisarion, de-skilling and 'man
lovolving boch insnual
white collar workers. This has made m traditional left attitudes to work out drend much of her time tigrig *1
their time fighting 1l capitalist nature and organisarion of wor are unresponsive lo traditional notions
control'. Even the right work', when unoonnecied to the dai fight against line spoeds, work discipli
can fail io motivad
GUARANTEEDINCOME
What s often more importan workers is guaranteed incorse and job whether " mark" is available or not. Lil LIC MICE RI Was aHoI way C dC worked a four-day week, and sepie 'because 1 can't live on three
the role of the State. n involvement of the Stare bonie Iat more clearly tbe bobbcal natu
Its ability to act
collective capitalisi" and shape the dine DOn OE ME SS TELUEO EOC dolE unemployment, etc, to be presented
SOCR mais CucEl doo medas wal 1 Be SKA aor or nanelon oel-een aren sectors of struggle - the communit bealth, education, ete thus total the impact of the crisis and making an beiween scrugaies in consclousoess a practice more possible, as in prese -n-MIS LESINAS
Hecause these factors go unackowieds ed, the effect on Trotskyist theary i f
STORCA TEOR Class consciousoess seric ures opcapieasm ao the ratie chang ships it throws up which belp determi that consciousness.
In practical terms il in Trotskyist constant battle cry thai the condition were ripe, but the consciousness lackins
SUBEAU LS IENUCCIN. working class consciousness is not matu enough then that is part of the objecti situatioo! Becaose Trolscysm bas n re-analysed the objective world it can on
missing factor consciousness Bnd leadership
What this separation leads to is tl belief that leadership can be transplant on top of the struggle; whetber or not 1 struggle itself har undergone sufficier transformation and maturation.
For Troiskyism. the existence of 1l parcy is ebe condition for development the subjective factor, the supposed onl
So we end up where w with the vulgarised and over estimated notion of leadershin. A pont of leadership thar bears no relationsh ED wheener Do not Traiskyists have 1 acrual capacity to lead the struggle froe Inside the process of the struggle itseif
pral arrangement (hor a common platform) to the Communis Party, 4 the record of the Gon We will heavily aHack CimenT CHRODe Tr
pete gei, t i tar
Socialist
vote for Labour noiely as against Tories, fascists, nationalists, etc NHTNGTHEUOO CLICIESLE We will not urge Labour, especially right win LaoOUE, SaHInsE moce JeEt wing candidates and out own memberi will be expected to vote for these wu compone wil, Dowee he for the SWP.
Page 8 scan of this page
EUROCOMMUNISM Extracts from Santiago Carrill
SOCIALIST CHALLENGE 7 July 1977 p8
than the leaders of the Italian,
Moscow and its supporters.
Readers will be able lo decide on
the meris and demeribe of the
book tor themseives when
English translatios (presumably be
arrille's peblisher
intry, Lawrence mod Wishart
ecomes avallable.
In eur opinion the book reveals
all the contradictions of Eure-
communiom which can be listed an
follons:
1. On the streegle for socialisme in
Spala itself, Carrille takes op
positions which are identieal t
bose of classical German
democracy, Thai capitalison has to
be transformed" not averthrows.
The army has to be
by peacefal mesas. Il this cannel
be done chea socialism is Imposai-
ble for the oaly ather option is civil
For advanced capitalist
countries. Carrillo excludes the
THE October Revolution produced a state that is obviously not a bourgeois state, but is also nor a muine workers democracy, ever hough the proletariat is organisec a the ruling class.
The Scalinise phenomenon has welled and acte within this state brough a series of formal features milar 1o those of fascist dictator
stress formal features, because the essence of the Sovie ocial regime was and is radically opposed to that of fascism
This is not merely a theoretica assessment but & truth that confirmed by the blood of the peoples of Lie USSR during the Second World War. And the revolutionary essence of the Sovier social regime was affirmed repeatedly in solidarity with the peoples who struggled against fascism and EMRCHEIST
For some time, using the fortwa cult of the personasty. ascribed these phenomene lo the personal characieristies of Stalin, and it i certain that these per onal characteriscice bad serious effects. Marxists do not deny the role of individuals in history.
But why did a person with the characieristics of Stalin mariage to bold sway, characteristics had been denouneed by Lenin? It is true that Stalin was able to play with supremie everness on the contradictions
ong various groups within the
scie team of the Communes Party of the USSR. posing as the one all those Who could havi
But ir must be asked whether ibc practice on Stalm was nol more in consonance wich the type stare that was being formod in practice, wili wbat Toghalti called the system, with the objective rohnes as tney cristea, soan anal of his opponents, especially from Lenin's possihilities for action and
It in obvious that the Stalinist of totalitarianism abundanty utilweakened the democratic prestige of the Communist Parties among a part of the population of our countries.
Santiago Carrillo, the central leader of the PCE (Spanish Communist Party)has moved farther away from Moscow
French Communist Parties. His new book "Eurocomunismo" y Estado ("Eurocommunism" and the State), extracts from which we publish below, contains so extremely sharp critique of the Stalinist regime in the USSR. It is therefore bardly surprising that it has been angrily demounced by
possibility and questions the des freebilits of socialist revolution.
1. On the other side, be challer: ges, albeil in a partial and con-
Fused Testion, the theory
linka it so the bureaneratie degen-
cration' of the USSR. This Is thi fest occasion on which the leader of a mas Communiet Party has, Je effect, vindicated the theses first iadranced by Trotsky and defended today by Trotskyiels.
3. He trents the Soviet baregucracy un a privileged social laver Tunlike a forner leader and helorian of the Claudin, Tor whom the beresacracy Is a new explotting class]: be admite that chere is no workers democracs in the affirma that the bureaucracy has formal characieristics comparuble
Khrushchev's demunciation of the Stalinist horrors temporarily shook the whole system erected by Stalin, both in the USSR and in the socialist countries of the East Events occurred such as those in Hungary and Poland, which a heterogeneous nationa front against the Stalinist system of rule arose spontaneously and tacilly.
Although in Poland thore was a Communis oppositioo lo this system capable of redressing the siruation, this was not the case in Hungary. I war Soviel who te established 'arder"', a new bow to the international prestig ol communise, which also had
[pp. 198-20Л
System not transformed
since Stalin
In reality, one of the causes of the Tall of Khrushcher perhaps la! in his inability to transtorm the state apparatus crealed Stalin. the system power to which Togliarti alloded which managed to crush bim
This system has not been transformed, has not been democrat Ised, and has even many of its aspects of coercion in relations with the socialise states Bemonstrated by che occupation ol Crechoslovakia.
The massive ind repression of the time of Stalin. has disappenred. although deposed, died ar home in hed There has been progress. marred by forina of oppression and repression in certain domains, such as that of culture. Bur we are still not dealing with a score that could be considered as a workers
there is much that is formal in the powenu democraties, ESt boe true of the workers democracy attained hy Communists un to па».
Some comrades who resist admicting the truth mas beliere thar
"Eurocomunismo" or British
By Estado a
Santiago Carrillo t0 those of fascist and sutheri PCE, Fernando tachai regimes
4. He esplicity rehabilitate Trotsky
wblch her heen correct on soe • most questions
Bernanonias But these questions are bein raised mote or less openly in th workers and Communist ment today, and not because of during che influence of bourgeois propa
like to maincain, bue because th unda, as the conformises wouls evidence of reality cannot: ignored.
And can Cammunists, se correctly consider a vanguar force, be the last to admis this evidence, refusing to recognise Monsover, deing soin the only way ta serve th ism, boch in the courtries whie! have eliminared capitalist propers and in those in which it still exists How can this tupe which has arisen in the Sovie Union — which is not a capitalis state because it does not upholc private property, but is also no the state Lenin imagined, with the working class direcly exercising power
under conception of the state? at politica Tenin said that the state during
the first phase of socialise would preserve much of the content o bourgeois law. are desling with has gone beyong maintained the predictions of Lenie it this
respect, In has not only nincained some of the conter of bourge bis law. but has moved to detorm military ations and degenerations which in
the past me could have imagined annihilaring only in imperialist states
And I insist that as the sam Khrushches, time this state has served the
progressove policy of lhe social regime on a series of world probles, (pp, 201-202)
Phenomens of bureaucratisation The phenomena of buresucruti sation arise not only our of the traditions of the Tsarist state, bul also but of shis situation, unfore seen by thenry Mari, Fine 150 men Lenin had dictatorship of the proletarial as a regime in which the immense majority would repress a tins minority and in which the org anisation of broad workers den ocracy is the very condition for
leader f the PCE Iself
Faire endencies arc, of course
organisation.
this
move in the progressive move
within society resulted in
whon had died
cause of social
of state But the scace we
Sovier
imagined
the Spasish working dass
mardered by the Soviet secret police daring the Cill War.
Carrillo calis this kalling sa sbom
Deapite these criticisms Carri
HOTE CO NECE TROIE DOTE lociationalised organs of worken dues not call for the abolition of
one-party malbr In Rutil Chien and Fautero Eurige. H фосз лої весцизе ввеле кте маст anas wilch wald hive repercie dons nn the internal organicatius
Ne atia do not bon D eximple. whether the dapport fo whether dere are divisione wisi
tradership, or wbettier ther
appositonal cuments atth ase of the parts Factives a
Howeree, Carille's book will regardiese of the cructure of th PCF, open up an ipportnes dis cassum amongst militants if the
kis wich thes militants shar revolutioning sucin) ista will have la conduct fia
Things did not work out this
of
ile. Workers democracy was cut to
the bose and the same proces itsell.
occirred within the party, where
the bitterness of the contradictions Congress
арата Council
vating the factional disputes which
no-obe could control once Lenir
Thus, a bureaucratie layer dev-
cloped, which appropriated the
SANTIAGO CARRICLO-lossening Moscow 1in.
POLIS functions of leadership, convinced that in was the hearer of the social mission of the working class and the personification of the dictatorship of the proletariat, but which developies les ove interess, 025, insensitively sinking roots, ing in accordance with objective
and inechanisms specific to
In a speech made at the Firs
of the of the Econom 26 May, 1918, Lenir We do nor close our eyes to the teatiry that we alone, thall noi ce lee de societ with
revolution in one country, even s
EUROCO
this country were much less back ward than Russia, even if we were Eving: under much casier coodi tions than those created after fou years of an snprecedented pais ful, barsh, and ruinous war.
What Is the Telarion herwe this idea, ideologically abandoned in favour of the proclamarion a
Eighreenth Congres tha socialism had beer victorious ir the UISSR (which did not preven the greater part of the delegates co
coalerence trom later bein physically liquidated on the order or Stalie, nor the holding of th infamous trials) and the charne teristies of the state panstructed in
Page 9 scan of this page
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Page 11 scan of this page
end they did, and they didn't.
party leadership remain unchanged.
The shades of Lewis Carroll do not stop there. The leaders of the Italian C ommunist Party (PCI) live in a Wonderland where it is possible to defend jobs and wages at same time a pursuing a deflationary policy of reduced consumption cuts "labour costs and rationalisa. tion of buble sendina other words, cutting jobs and real wages.
Any lingering doubts about the
cality behind this strange equa tiog are cleared up by the lailan the first four months of this year he cost of living nose by 6.3 pe cent, but index-linied wages only went up by a maximum of 3 per
considerably less among
During the first quarter of 1977 employment dropped by 1.1 per by Roy Alexander THE SOUTH African Govern ment has put twelve black activists on trial on charges relating
the African National Congress (ANC)
Already the trial has revealed how the racist state operates. The chief state witness, after five days
many, has admitted under cross. examination that he lied under
BOUE NO 9 INCORS
The next issue [available 11 July|
ON SOCIN SE Democracy and the
Dictatorship of the Proletariat
ecentiy adopred by
Secretariat of the Fourth inter
ship of the proletariat, for a one-
dual power in the revolutionary
ThOribs LU 328/9 Upper
Streat, London N1. Five copies
or more post free.
INTERNATIONAL
Italian governmental accords
Wage cutsin
Wonderland
The conclusion of an agreement between the major Italian parties, including the Christian Democrats and the Communists, bad all the features of a Lobster Quadrille. For weeks the question was: will they, won't they? In the
A programmatic accord has been signed byall thesix parties - except the Liberals who aretaking the matter to their entire
- but the Government itself will probably
cent against CreASe production of nearly 11 per cent.
As we go to press the final text of the published. It is still the subject of byzantine manoeuvrings whether or not it should be put to in Parliament for a vote, The larger parties — the governing Chris-
are in favour, while the smaller who regard them selves as the losers in the agree ment, are against, as they want to leave themselves a certain cibowroom.
Bur there are no victor and no vanqwished* har gened. the country which gained, The accord is believed NEUROSI extensIon or pole: powers to tap phones and inter rogate suspects without legal
Pretoria frame up trial
threat of torture and death at the hands of the police.
When the man, lan Rwaxa, was arrested last December beaten and kicked until he bled from the nose and mouth. Eventually he made a statement.
to', he said.
Rwaxa appealed to the judge to
from the police. refused.
The readiness of the Government to answer the discontent
known. But the determination of the people is too great for thing short of a bloodbath to crush their spirit.
Unable yet to embark on such a COULSU cations within South Africa and internationaily regime instead strikes at the
vanguard of the atruggle and at those groupings capable of pro
Many kind of coordination. Hence their brutal repression of SUSE UEHOESLIEALOEIS COLO COCH arrest and prosecution of the leaders of the black conscious-
students.
ROBBEN ISLAND
Many of the 'Pretoria 12' have sassed through the hands Vorster's jnilers and torturers Delore. Belween them five DE the defendants have served a total of
done to Conuns pay COO
Eurocomminism and Austerity:
The Example of Haly ERNEST NAADEL
remoriam is no alternative aither.
advice; a reinforcement of selecLivity in education; and a reiter
intent to the Imternational Monetary Fund in March.
reweighting of the cost of living
and gratefully acoepted by the Government. It also seems likely that the new deal will reactivate the plans — initiated in last шорс з ссолотіс раскаде шт shelved in March -tax revenue. This would mean a nse an varous Tous or purcoasc
deciare the big tbe workers pay packet.
PLICACHAE SCHMIR has signed his name to all this. but it will not provide any lasting SOLutIOn Lo Dis probocus. accord is not the historic com 48 years in the notorious Robben
Ejected to tortures he was interrogation techniques.
Charred under the Terrorist Act, the defendants face a mini= mum sentence of five years and a
maximum penalty of death, even
accused of no more than active or recruiting to the ANC The judge There is a strong possibility that
the prosecution will demand the in the present dimate, that it in the present climate, that might be granted.
COMMON CAUSE
апу-
As readers of Socialin Chai enge will know, we have many differences with the ANC, but me also understand the importance racist af making common cause in th
Place of the enemy and of the nee to treat an attack on any part of the anti-imperialist movement as an attack on all We therefore urge our readers to support the the nti-Apartheid Movement cam
DELICEI country to free the Pretorin 1: An information brieting, leat no, posers and pler can be obtained from: Free the Pretoria 12 Campuign, AAM. Charlotte Streer, London WIP 2QD.
of
by ROY ALEXANDER THE Anti-Apartheid Movement (AAM) decided at its National Committee meeting on 25 June to inițiate a campaign in the trade union and labour movement at all levels on the issue of solidarity with the authentic organisarions of the South African working class to culminate in a week of local trade union action*.
discussions apartheid groups involved in work among trade unionists, capecially in multinational firms like Beit-
son. The week of action is seen a aking place in the carly part o the New Year (the date of 17-23 January bas
Speakers at the National Com-
that direction.
For a
abstaining industrial sphere. to increase such
another velled attack on tion against the aust
Lines
The Genoa dockers' strike - the formation of a
and brutal
( samore than ben
launched in th
WELCOMI be repeated.
among local anti
leaflets and
vity in British
by RICHARDCARVER Guerilia leader Antonio Lo Muscia: killed by poilos iast weekend. The historic compromise' won't help him, but
"national government" with the
• it is being presented as a step in
supported the Government by the PCI has
agreement. on all importan issues, which has akaravatco op
has not yet received any clear political expression, but has emerged as a current demanding more vigorous action in the
such as Fint, Monredi and tahider, have been taking
brought ther
mack up against the party lea ership. For example, /'Unine, th PCI daily paper, recently carried does a furious denunciacion of the MOSLEE
The irony is that these workers spot.
Support tradeunion weekof action
mittee stressed the importance of campaign initiating the campaign of solldarity immediarely, and winning support for the idea at the base well as among the leadership, if the poor response to lose year's apocal Jor scuin by the inter narional Confederation of Free Trade Unions and World Federation Di Trade Unsins is not to Richi Committee agree the Recognising this need,
campaign off the ground, india
ding the preparation of special
posters; the circu Tation to local groups of infor-
Africa need conditions and trade union Acti-
multi-nationals onerating in South Ainca: and a request to national unions to orculate their members about the
are not, for the most part, even syrnpathere to the tar left. The three major union conferences last month all gave overwhelming
But what the party rank and file i or ur least a section of itis demanding is tbe implemente
son of the bistoric compromis
Hogue, that this will introduce
into Italian society and the Conomy at least some obing ives, values and methods which conform to the socialist ideal".
Quite transparently this ha not happener nor could it hap pen. But the fact that his rank and file is demanding chat it
happen, after a year of support Jor thou Clas enemy, puts Berlinguer on the
and proposing thi
local committees, branches and shop stewards cormittees.
campaign the main priority of the AAM's trade union organiser, t allocate regular space to it in AA News and to expand the AAM's trade union committee with local TEC MOORSE B00 8600Y2515 151 volved in the campaign.
Thin decision by the AAM is a real opportunity to take the South African solidarity campaign righ into the workers movement, and begin organising the sort of support the workers of South
For further information or to offer support to the AAM, 89 Charlotte Street, London WIP ZOD. Tel: 01-580 5311
SOCIALIST CHALLENGE 7 July 1977 p11
IN BRIEF
PORTUGAL: Parliament has
law forhidding unofficial scrikes and setting up a mandatory 48 hour warning
Introduced by the Socialist Party and supported by the Commu nist Party. The only deputles to vate against were one from the far left and the two expelles UNIL BOCCASE CAREYRS November for being ' Trotsky ists"
SOUTH AFRICA: Unemploy ment is rising by 1,000 every day and now stands at 1ie million Witnesses before a commissio in Cape Town have confirmed tbat the attack on Nyanga town ship by misran! WOTACT 10S Christmas wasled by police.
ICELAND: Seven widespread strikes have led to record wage increases for most
mean immediate 26 per cent rises, going up to 46 per cent over ENE MEAL TA MOREES
USA: Valentin Prussakor, Soviet dissident living in 1bc United States bas written to President Carter complaining o rebression in the US. He said thar dissidents like Alexander Solzhenitsyn and Andre the West. If in the Soviet Union Russian culture finds
KGB, in America the impression Is creared that it falls under the tutelage of like minded func tionaries,"
UKRAINE: Pyotr Grigorenko
trial of human rights campaig
is Mykola Rudenko and Ole any- Prices ane relates o the accused were barred from entering tbecourt.
CHINA: Huo Koo-feng is dis missing provincial party lenders
continued drive against the
Gang of Four.
ESKIMOS: More than 200 Es kimo leaders met in Barrow,
common positions for bome rule from Canada and Greenland.
ITALY: The Radical Party has collected morethan the requisite nan a muno senatures to cal referenda on eight different civil rights issues The only way the six parties which have just concluded the governonental accord can avoid bolding the referendi before next spring is by refotming the offending legislation o callingan election!
WEST GERMANY: The final word on the police pay debate? The following advertisemen: Allgemelne Zeltung: 105 Col ogne detectives, middle-aged
perts, Tamiliar with combating
nder, seizure of hostages robbery, blackmall, fraud and
undervaluation and
occupation in the private sector.
STOP PRESS:
As we go to press news has come of a military comp in Pakistan. Bbutto and several opposition leaders have been arrested. ll is no ye clear
whetoned by the Cerals a
the latter is the case then bloody reprisals against the People' Party cannot be excluded. The move was obviously prompted by the breakdown
reach a political agreement or the country's future
In next weeks issue, there will be a detailed analysis by Taric Ali on the implications of a third
already truncated state.
Page 12 scan of this page
Warders went on orgy of violence
GEOFFREY SHERIDAN
Contrary to what the Home
truce wos teno many peopli
to belleve, the riot at Hall
Berte of the evidenc a prisone
rights
of dis
It of the other prisoners - v
uggled out of Hull and read
the inquiry.
onfinement
lime. Then came the cutback it
sulted in the seg unit brough
tall to a bead."
It is what took place when th
isoners agreed to come dow
iom the roof that most vividi
makes no
Numerous
prisoner
ysically harmed; an MP would
railable to receive represen
CHAT HOS
FOR WHAT SEEMS like eternity those in this country whe have been trying to bulld sappert for the right of the Irish people to MESSING UE OWE TUITE DATE conducted their affairs in an atmosphere aldn to an Orsage BOUNCI
Secret meetings, mystericas references to past faction fighes,
been the order of the day.
So it is refreshing to report that last weekend saw a change from all that. Approximately two HUMMELE WEISS MICE BE LURER to rebuild a troops out movement which had boon all but decimated
tion complexes, and threats of
HOME NEWS
Tribunal on Hull prison 'riot' finds
the tations; prisoners" personal property would be respected; there vould be a full inquiry into gri vances, which was the orisoners demand wben they took to the 100f.
If the Hull prisoners had thought that the Government's
taking refine cand
with crisis follow from their aroused hope f being treated eings, the Home Office and th
in soon as th
Rally against rape on 16 July
TO RAPE
RADE
Three High Court Judges - by now Infamous for their treatment of a young woman raped by Coldstream Guardsman Tom Holdsworth - will be putin the dock with Labour Ministers Rees, Healey, and Ennals, and Lord Elwyn Jones at a public trial on 18 July. The Trafalgar Square rally has been called by Women Agsinst Rape, whose picket of the High Court [above] recelved wide publicity in the Fleet Street press. More on rape next week.
Rebirth of the Troops Out Movement
That more people attended the London meeting than had been present at any similar event for a That a new liled Troops Out Movement Inanched were not the only gains.
which the conference projected. loevitably the predominated, cach having different attitades on how to take the movement forward.
Nevertheless an amended reso. lution submitted in the nameof tbe
Big Flame, and the International Marxiat Group received whelmingsupport. рог There was general agreement
Want on herange The Brats cameras were gone, the ines were systematic, with partcular attention paid to black and for days. sending boe stres wielding riot legs, with an instruction 'not to mark their faces' "Meals' consisted of handfuls As human of cornflakes thrown in the air;
on the maio perspective of the united TOM, with provision fo other activities to be taken up in the localities.
WAS perspectives centred
the planned Internatiocal bunal ef Britain's Crimes Against the Trish organised initiative in which it is hoped WItH broad support will he huilt in this
country and internationally for a public hearing of British oppres sion in Ireland The spirit and determination of the activists is perhaps hest hown by the fact that after two othere me conferee to Bller the kaflet for a public meeting of three Belfast motbers organised
Non in September. None of the wardars
run the refused. screws greeted each and chair salutes and "Sieg Heils",
with and clerical spearheaded JDюn 01. matched in the localities,
•In-
People
masters of Westminster.
Insernarionol
the Women and Ireland group warin meenue and Socialise Women S Grega
as injured: they struck
ions were burnt. Removing the
ashes required chree locries.
Irish prisoners were made to
get on their knee and sing "God
ave the Queen' and were beaten
The warders other with Nazi
The utterly repressive nature
of the regime was amply exposed
in the les that the prisoner.
obtained during the riot. Each
prisoner was labelled a psycho
enthusiastic
epitbets as: "These are all good
Unions put the
screws
on Lord Snooty
YOU MAY never have heard of D.L. Thomson, but miless vot were a very strange child you've with certainly read their comics - the
Jackie → In fact Jest about the entire range that children read between the ages of live amd 15. JOINT CLAIM
This massive concern la very much a non-union shop, a policy which dates from the aftermatt of the General Strike, when th NATSOPA were kicked our or workers in to the street. Successive attempes with
ay the Scottish TUC in the earl
50s and from inside the offices i IS CHE US HE WEI CAULT!
Now plans have beco launched which may finally change this.
The first of these attenges is by the National Al the
-Jourbalists. OTOC Schedule It of the Employment
submitted a ACAS Pot 19 is kind of seriousness is united TOM will have alreads a significan
-BLE re union policy. establishing the solidarity move ment as a major source of
DICKENSIAN
* Support for the new united For decades Troops Out Movemenr and the
the staff at D.C.
Tribunal from The reminism and reinad workshen organised last week by century
workers
Nearly 100 peopie arrended the individuals
included one from Trish women United and 4150 bonuses,
Andersonstown
solitary material'; "This man is
unlikely to be released from
prison ever': "This one will be a
These files had been completed
by warcis. ne army usod an
armoured cur to secure the files
held in the administration block.
The Home Office did institule
wier, its own Chief Inspector of
This
investigations alone and in sec Protection Act, any group of trade unionists can ciaim parity
co-members elsewhere Jong as they are nat covered hy an existing collective agreement.
Now, with over a dozen NUJ members in Thouson's Glasgow office (all of whom are 'undergroued' the union has lodged a special claim for
thus beller paid members at the Daily Record. If successful, this would mean a union card would entitle an employee, under the law, to a considerable rise in
Line, all seven unions involved in the newspaper
world have claim for bargaloing rights ar Thomson': Whiration service, it over 23 the Government's
bent or the total Claspay workforce unionised, sucoess is guaranted la the
nd balioe. Even if the Dunde hamitican ran won on
crack would the company's ne Wille
the treatment of Thomson has been righrly famous In the labour movement. Like nineteenth
employees, all Dave negotiate
arbitrary Christmas very cheap mortenge
Dickensian air to the 2,500
SOCIALIST CHALLENGE 7 July 1977 p12
were threarened with disciplinary
measures for any "unwarrinted
allegations' against prison offic
erS. Hardly surprisingly, most
prisoners refused to co-operare.
With the announcement of the
PROP Tribunal, ibe ment promptly decided that the
Fowler repart will be published
If is expected to say that the Hull
regime is too soft" and place responsibility for the riot on two 'subversive" prisoners
INQUIRY
The report of the public tribunal, which was chalred by Joh Platts-Mills QC included Perer Chappel George Davis Campaign', poles On the Home Office's sole mes ponse to the prison crials:
'It seeks to contain the press ures by a policy of isolating those
bour their conditions, nod by widesprend and growing administration of drugs in order to ed prisons into a state of numb115%.
The PROP inquiry calls for a full public inquiry into the Hall riot, with a suspension of all the sentences inposed on prisoners as a result of it. And the demand is pur forward for an end to the secrecy which seals the prison system behind a wall of silencea silence which is only broken when prisoners take to the roof as a desperately bravi solidaricy and agony. They are demands which no socialist can ignore
HELP! markers in Doodee
There is, however, quaint or amateurish about th firen la spite of its contrived family atmosphere. In reality it is a huge concern, beiding stoci in inany of Dundee's investment trusts, Grampion TV and in local radio.
Hastility to trade unions is so integral part of the Thamson etbos 'hard working Church-going' universe of vic torian Scotland. Even a moder victory 10T the principics o trade unlonise inside this yas and culturally influential comp any must make some dent on the smue parochialism which makes up the capi staple dier of Scottis
LOSING
total dominate a not the Soci Thomason's own unique Sunda Post is sleadily losing ground to the openly campaigning Sunday -Mail, which is straight out of the IPC instant newspaper kil
The contrast between the two
seen in thei cartoons. The aMall bas the Yin' modelled Сол-
lovable 280I cheeky living in a Jorgotten world o bawbees and bairns
SOCHICE COS 5801
workforce or slowly polioned by competitioo is a matter of in difference, More worrybig is the fact that the real comic charac ors, in the shape of the Thoms
asses' will be living on until ne wack's instalment
NEIL WILLIAMSON
Page 13 scan of this page
SURPLUS VALUE
N IRISH newspaper recently carried a detailed, sober report
Most Rev. Dr. Lucy, Bishop of Cork and Ross, on the subject of delayed haptism. The bishop warned parents that babies who died before being baptised would certainly lose their measure of supernatural happiness, but would probably still receive a modicun of natural happiness. Not only infants: "Equally, we should not regard pagans, Moslems, and nonChristians generally as lost for all eternity. They won't get to Heaven, of course, but if they live a good life, neither will they go to Hell - they too will have their lesser reward. Independent, 16 May 1977).
Apart from signalling a convergence of Feuerbach and the Church on the question society which reflects even the phenomena of underdevelopment must be encouraging for militants prematurely cut off from 0030 1321 153C SOCINO ROGERI to discover that they really have been 'dead people on holiday all along"
Yet once the immediate incredulous amusement recedes, it has to be faced that the existence of this atrocious old prelate as • social force (while no longer typical of even the Irish Hierarchy in the sheer crudity of his utteranoes) is merely a local, exquisite twist of the law of uneven development which has permitted the Church to survive on a global scale, when according to the logic of bourgeois elichtement and progress, it should lie quiedly with the spinning wheel and bronze "museum of antiquities".
The tenacity of powerfal Churches warns advanced bourceds societies that their certainties are paralleled and in some ways undercut by obscurantist ideologies, useful as they prove to be in reproducing the forms of social relations given by those societies. Conversely, the Churches have an intimate relationship with the domain of politics. It symbiosis, and a brief historial suer ing is difficult to account for this Coherene Church, the Roman Cathole
the Roman since the dawn of the imperialist period might contribute to such an understanding.
A prelininary apology for a lack of sharp social focus is necessary, but the oppressive. sour comedy ol callode power in ireland has been rehearsed too often to repeat it here. If the Church as a whole mocks late capitalist society with its populist resistance to rationality, the frish Church's iron grip on education and everyday life and crucial role in the oppression of women. prevents the emergence of a real "secularised democracy and openly resists the timid attempts of tbe bourgeoisie to conjure one out of the materials of underdevelopment and its own historic capitulation to that Church.
Night Thoughts
The Catholic Church entered the modern world backwards, chocacing me moalactal synthesis of Church and State. Pius 9th's Syllabus Errorum (1864) denounced liberalism, socialiam, naturalism, democracy and rationalism as deviations, and to forestall possible argument, the final error was decreed to be the notion that the Roman Poutill can or ought to reconcile himsel the Church was protected againse the night modern civilisation". Six years later of reason still further by the decree of
infallibility. The structure of aurhority in the Charch had always been monarchical, but this cemed to condemn th Church to a slow conise in splendi
olation. Its history since then bas been
ntury of night-thoughts, Tantastic soll oquies in a world without god
By aggressively entrenching the Church against everything progressive in the mod ern world, Pius 9th seemed to acknowiedge
the satisfaction of liber
ericate that Catholicism could fight o
coomous rearguard actions againat pro
es. Keligion cemed marginal to th dynamic of capitalist development in the evolutionary logic even to many socialists. But it hardly needs to be reiterated bere how fatal the belief was that late capitalism
ill be free from unreason and sup
tion, and the survival of the Church w part of that ineradicable strain of barbarism marking modern westero society as it lunched into the twentieth century
Less than a year after the First Vatican Council had been dispersed by the seizure of the Papal lands by the forces of the new Lalian state (with Napoleon IT's help), the Paris Commune reveuled a rather different contradictory aspect of capitalism 10 the outraged bour bois world. 11 was in th
novements and ideologies that had forme the Commune that the Church saw its real antagonists and towards whom it became more and more explicitly hostile at the
(Frish Engels, expense of its nominal opposition to apitalist liberalism
The Church, as a corporation definite material interests bound up in its ideologically reproductive functions, was willing to accommodate itself to any regime that would permit it to retain its particular rituals of control and its sources of revenue,
The deadlock creared by the rejection of history meant that the Church's kingdom
not ai this preference was for a world of kingdoms, commited to ensuring that tbe m9890 01 this world thought as little as possible about its wealth. As a result the ultramontane Isolation of the Church fused with the crudest diplomatic and political pragmat-
In France after the Dreyfus scandal, the
udience with Maure told her: "I bless his work', Meanwhile, th officials responsible for Index of proscribed works had found, with che devotion to recondite thealogical literal
1 that has always placed Vatican bure
ars to the right of even 1
(worth condemnation. anti-
'concordat" with Mussolini governs Church-State relations in Italy.
The main thrust of Vatican policy in thi period was anti-communism, and it forme che Church's strategic attirades. The int mate relationship berween the Church anc
omestic fabian politics was partly respo
ible for chis rigidity in a period when th Church of England.
iratory for Catholic social dogma, Fra
as a new puritanism'), reached a concordar in July 1933-
The humiliating political expropriation which followed provoked the only attack oo
'Issued from a post-tribal ethnic minority, triumphant in late Antiquity, dominant in feudalism, decadent and renascent under capitalism, the Roman Church has survived every other institution -juridicial or linguistic — coeval with It.' [Perry Anderson, Passages from Antiquity to Feudalism, NLB]
NEIL BELTON discusses the continued existence of
THE ROMAN
CATHOLIC CHURCH
sufficient insticutional and
at the genocide
DUL LIONS Dovecot. mother, Pius A Fossil? compinng the
penumbra backwardness
metaphor for conicience 1 to a creed, a theolog
cultural, political, RCOBB a fascist state over bade by the Carholic Church, a protest at violations of the 1933 concordat - a quarrel between partners.
idealogical autonomy to prevent in doa break. Al The end of the Thirties almost a quarter of the 55 were Catholics, There were no protest
On the eve of the Scoond World War, Pius X looked out across a smouldering Europe and announced with the perplexed gloomy catastrophism so characteristic of Catholie thought — thar war was inevitable because modern man no longer heeded the word of god and and its suprete incarnaton, himself, Five years later be found it acceptable for Carbolics to participate in 'moderate" forens of representative "democracy: bicherta even Christian democracy had heen viewed as largely "erroneous This concession to modernity was timely, given the military defeat of Fascism and the growth of the mass anti-fascist"
To assert that the Church is a Tossil and leave it as that is to beg the question. The force of organised religion in many Euro an countries — Spain, Italy, Ireland orts a culturally derelict and oppressin pennot be epined see in term
fuelling blindne Thi shadow on the modern world is, rather, on of those stubborn internal embarrassment ten to fool, to employ the detail pebble coent normalisation of the bourge
surger democratie order, the uneasy cocsistence with fixations and myths it has formally transcended, and the dependence on such myths when the 'overheads" begin to grate. Hence the peculiar shrillness of some bourgeois anti-clericals, and perhaps the tendency to exarcise Marxism by comparing
It was stated carlier that the Church hi produced a morbid soliloquy on late-modero bistory, but of course it has not been speaking withoot sceners, It has been, if the discourse it produces is sel against th background of the main, intellectual an ultural forces of the recent centuries Unfortunately a major support of the Church has been its successful populism
It has succeeded in retaining the loyalty
SOCIALIST CHALLENGE 7 Juty 1877 p13 of section free are rape andy latin
of Europe America (the involvement of sections of the
side the scope of this short article, with it Segressive reiection of ideolomes ininical to certain sets of "traditional values, especi ally and crucially those that threaten tbe family and patriarchy.
Althouch its mass appeal has charac teristically been in the under-developed regions, a palpable cause of the Church's survival is its social roots in those states which achieved national unification or hecame major capitalist powers in the latter hail of the nineteenth century. The West European system of capelalist states has proved remarkably stable, despite severe SHOCKS, MAD ACE CEMETE RAN COURSES main haven, Just as its missions depended
CRITICAl rapidly with the rise of anti-calonial movements. is important centres remain the old imperialist states and their former colonies
Cold War
The Church's wealth, which Is regarded as the essential guarantee of is spicitual authority is not based solely on its ability to mate marketing skills with its traditional techniques of moral coercion to raise funds: the Church is a wealthy corporate investor,
in 1968, and this merely the amount from which dividends were being coblected. Until the Seventies, the Vacican's most important
mobilare, a huge real estate corporation with operations in the USA, Mexico and France (one of its projects was a certain Walergate Hotel in Washington) and the Institute for Industrial Reconstruction = the semi-state cartel set up by Mussolini to protect private industry, It also bad a large direct interest in SNIA-Viscosa, an Italian
aulds and Hambros Bank.
bave aystematically investigated these links The Vatican Finances, Peer Craco 1971 also demonstrates a connection with Shell Italiana, an associate of the British Shell Transport and Trading Company, Since the early 1970s, bomever, the Vatican has diversified into more anonymous securities. and has sold its controlling interest in Immobilare. Aristocratic stooges no longer serve as markers of Vatican capilal on boards of directors, bat it is sate to assumme thar caution still dierates investment in large
CAESARAS the church can he as sure of its dividends as it is of an Irish Prime Minister.
In the Fifties, the Church was determined protagonist in the cold war. The Soviet Union and the 'workers republics were erased from official papa spesches becoming the Church of Silence". Catholic schools cultivated a red demonings and a martyrology which mixed genuine cases of Tereson with contal Tankay. a would Dr a mistake, however, to counterpose this fervour to the ccumcoical coclock which emerged during and after the Second Vatican Council
The •tinsid experiments with worker priests in the carly part of the decade in France were abruptly terminated when the Implanted priests were dragged into struggle with the workers, but the more inteLligeot Catholic ideologists were aware of the need to break the Intransigence and political prostitution,
One consideration which moved the Council was a Dew awareness that the soviet Union's exernal stance and a dessr: to achieve 'communist world domination жеге пос recognised that although a Communist leader might talk about world revolution, Ic practice he would probably settle for peaceFul coexistence. This enabled a distinction between a "false philosophy" of man and his place in the world, and the 'legitimate' social programme which might be derived companie path beck to the hitory i - rying to fin tried so suppress, in a political warld now predominantly social democratic at is European centre and increasingly inhospi table to imperialisa elsewhere.
Anaemic as new initistives In international relations (barmony") and social SOON ECOSION TORE CES DEBEC, ANE not soley the family could provide for an individual's needs proved to be, the effectively highlighred a stillness in areas of more crucial importance to the Church': ideological coherence and populist hold: the family (the ban car contraception in 1970 and freedom of conscience (restatement of Papal infallibulity)
Catholic liberals Like Paul Jobnson who thought that the Vatican Council would become a sort OT Sona HouseD Commons, with the pope as constitutiona sovereign, encountered a Maternal figure more familiar in Catholic iconography than in the mythology of parliaments,
Page 14 scan of this page
COMMENT
The
Jubilee
LAM impressed by the first three
your recent isaue of any nention of the People's Jublee
by the Communist arty at Alexandra Palace on 19 sunna re The tate Stains of Perhaps the
ne place had a paralysing affec
nemational: yet surely a paper
chi have found someone trian
Ша О 0 ПАЛаТОПА 1опmuniat Movement. I myself went
distinct im
assion that a large part of t
1210100912I0500 91П0T%
eitural ening portical and Soctellat Challange would have been interesting to
received.
The political speeches were
Grossly
inaccurate
WHILE IT is amusing that you hose to designate a mamber of he Socialist Workers Party: one who wears our Fient ine
and slut the suoree ser or it, dieto pan designer and but that you of lasue 3 of Socialist Challenge
this sloppy male freak roughly
away al least
I designed the badge to show an active woman holding a Fight the Cuts' niacard and Stutinc the Jubilne' The very first place
sold it was at the National
Of the 47,000 welve sold so far,
distributed through ilbertarian
laminist bookshops
omen's centres
Is
Zionism
racism?
LAM WRITING an chalipsion of
Party branch, to you go editor ol
Вовні віна ром ров
ALAN MACDOUGALE
People's
ned in the lines atta
Communist Parties. Thus the Chilean delegate apoke of anily
the restoration of democracy in Chile, while the ANC deingate
Marx and Lenin and anti-vorster diatribes without once mentionDartings hatrean delegate being the looked unfortunately like Marg-
vacuous speech In
rapturous of Moscow worshippers from зунн ні зино. пе повІ
atable speech wa Richard Carver there for the Spanish contradicted many of his latest 0008888081880808 18 PCE by emphasizing all those things which Carrillo has failed wives refuges. gay centres.
Gay Group sold the badge on the Gay Pride march.
CArDOn portrays the the struggies of women and ver as being uniteresid I
Chailenge really not noticed tha we broduca. the only regula monthly revolutionary teminist magazine, which is written by the
Rather than pushing women ANG CNNA ASIA WO SHE SEAM struggles as a crucial part of
overthrowing racist, sexiat, capitalist system. MO. SHENHTL TANOWNIE IN London]
to montion: the persistance of arlessness of
mandering of constituencies and the disenfranchisement young people under 21 The polltios was well-tempered by the wide variety of events (music, cinema, theatre,
nature, but many of the movemans ang campaigns toprasonsad (the Anti-Apartheid Move
CP fronts, Sellers of variou papers appearec
Beer a Rod Braine prote nove about unmolested and a
larpe union conference prevali-
Russian,
The positive Initiative of the C
this country in recent years. 1 thought, There is no reason why the far
Weagree - Eds. and
This is
NOW
TEED FOND
ALARM...
WERE ONLY
GOING TO BE IN YOUR COUNTRY FOR A COUPLE OF MONTHS OR 5Q+***
The new parlia widespread irregu- Sociallet Worker.
of
the Workars rhaps
well.
Solidarity Carr Many OTher
atmosphere • Cort festivals of the few hat it intends 1o
Vietnam and
democracy
Time to lay
CHRIS HARMAN, acting edito hat the change from Red Week ly to Sociallet Challance is '8:
Black Dwarf to Rad Mole and from Red Mole to Red Weakly
partisan Leveller ha staled that the change is largely
small Trotskyist groupe, Initially
Chartists and the
lague for Soclalist Action a
some sympathy for the projec paper:
lenge and say: We won't parli
not an IMG tont, Fran tay wil sland aside and await develop-
are not involved, they wit poin like
Challeng acts rapidly to lay the ghost that il Is merely on attempt to build
then the project to advance real revolutionary unity will fail.
How can Sociallet Chailange
problem? Only the utmost hon
SOCIALIST the right abil 00 so IBB
ghost
Benga is, what It aspires lo be
the one to the other can clear the
hes not yet been done within the papitat is necessary in the first
that, although launched by the
wholly independent paper
be orggroups and indivi be
This just
all role he per bat a full role in the
what articles to commission, ete
The richts of access ol minor
clarified, as must be the norms
and financia support expected from partici
-ПИРІЯ ЯНИК ТАНТЕЯ ВИНЯН general appesis to participate offers of space in the paper, and well-meaning statements of wilSHOEMAS SO CORSINE OLE ArOUS to soo if they have got any Ideas.
The IMG also needs to state clearly that it accepts the possi
will whin the piperito dogue ta specilic political disagreementa.
WE LEFT THAT KIND OF THING BEHIND YEARS AGO!
CHALLENGE Said
violation of democratic righta In refuge to are so an us to
of Vietnam that they are willing
to risk their lives in inaky fishing
Like many sacialists, includino many mambors of the IME, t supponco unconoman
ally the armed struggle of th
Fetnamese ageinet their Amer can-backed native Tyranta and
become extremely suspicious of the NLF/DRV leadership. I think recent events have shown that
think Socialiar Challenge can Bituation by demanding that the Viginameso authortie
sarly years of their revolution practical solution in the case of this may not
Vietnamese om granta
petty-bourgaolals fit into Miam society
mary or chose mining Vietnarn may not be perry bourgeols but proletarians whis the authorities are trying to force "back to the land"
I do not want to Imply that
for a fight for democratic righte Inside Vietnem Itself. That is for the Vietnamese to undertake
pure in China too, It is Dete for socialism that we air these tragic events now thar
wIng lands 01 troo
L.F. HOLLEY [Bath]
SOCIALIST CHALLENGE 7 July 1977 p14
the
The paper should carry regular
Editorial Board, attampis should Involve independent militants TEa board
with a perapective of setting haf
lange groups around the countr
LOTT ICC ang runy Indeneridant Ediforial Board
A parley on these lines would
demonstration democracy In sallo SUCH sectarien suspicion begun to stick out its neck with
of Socialla! Chal the
otherwise a bold venture will be stillbom.
STEVE TOLLIDAY (London] see future issuer
Socialist
Challenge
EVENTS
NORTH WEST
beting
MANCHESTER. Seree of education
Which aday 4 August. 'The Crisis In the y 18 August. Racism day 1 September. Need tor a Revolutionary Party'
All at the Manchester Socialist Chal enge Centre at 7.30pm BOLTON. sunday ellena ca
instlute of Techneleshattie winner
Doans Ad.
MIDLANDS
For detais al achities
WOLVERHAMPTON
socialism today? HOME COUNTIES BRIGHTON.
Transport CaR.
WEST & WALES CARDIFF
BRISTOL supperie Cret, Bristo LONDON
ONENICE 100 I Station Homol, Station Ros
SCOTLAND For information on Socialist Chal 3M Queen Stree, Biasgo write cio Spaltsh Socialis
YORKSHIRE
Say 14 Jely: 7. 3am, The Lan Hole
Street lolf the Wicker)
Shalfield. Furtherdelalis 0742-83154
Page 15 scan of this page
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Page 16 scan of this page
Legal diversions ahead Build the picket.
WARNING Stand and deliver Jackson
THE FUTURE of the boycott of Grunwick mall by
office workers Cricklewood Is not known as Socialist Challenge goes to press.
Öne thing is apparent -the role played in dispute by Tom Jackson. Union of Postal Workers. COTOTE ol the
Jackson called off a previous boycolt of Grunwick mail after the intervention of NAFF and Ward's supposed 'cooperation' with ACAS
Jackson's action Ward a very big breathing space. If his threats against mo postal workors bucooou they will have the same oitoct again.
Ward to take break?
GEORGE WARD Is considering having to close hin factory for one day on 11 Juthls was
revealed Monday by Susan who had just walked out of Grunwick to loin the strike.
Susan sald that many of the workers were wary of going to work on 11 July so Nard is thinking of giving a hollday. Thai In would be remarkabie Ward never gives holldays during the summer months.
But George Ward's promises can not be taken as face value. That he may be wavering means If is all the BI OFE Important to him the strongth of the workers movemant on 11 July,
Naine
Addrcss...
Tencinse & donarien foe the Flgbring Fuind of
'Sociular Challenge'
Complete and return to
Labour
at enqulry.
Supporting their sort of solutions are: the * John Gourlet of NAFF who has made the courts his chosen battleground for an offensive against the unions. * George Ward, Grunwick boss, who pins bis main hopes on the High Court action and promises cooperagave tion with the court of enquiry so long as it operates on hia terms. * John Gorst MP, who would dearly love to carry the cause of the right wing of the Tory Party into the highest courts of the land.
The reason why these Thoy regal game so mucios ple
same reason why working people sbould only have the greatest uspicion for their machinations The main use of the courts ha been to deprive the working class of its basic de be hi lào ton he rưing cha
on Tuterie through the Talf Vale judgement Pitte right up to the present day.
Thiar solen shat ween une tamillar role is that when
BOOKMARX CLUB Itselt Selections for thind quarter 1977 INi A Seuthem Alica after Sowens
ahe other tile Lier B: Regrauhy of James Connoly Lat C. Destint veneon Posa aa Batade onr Baran show is. Bookmars Club_Bootmans
Socialist Challenge
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menh alur te have had to huise the Chegues, POs and Miney Ceders hoitld he minde peyable 30
Socialist Challenge, 328/9 E'pper Street, Londod VI.
Regiatared with the Post Oftice as a newspaper. Published by Raigocrest Ltd. for Socialist Chelienpe, 328/329 Upper Smeer, London Nt. Printed by Prestagele (TU], Reeding, Berkshire.
THERE CAN ONLY BE CONTEMPT for
Government proposals for Grunwick strike. They could have called off the police rioters. Instead they have proposed that the Grunwick strikers should submit themselves to the judges, the High Court and Scarman's court
the Court miners' claim
SENC 1 police acti His Job
picket
the Grumwick for the ruling class deadly Tolpuddle Martyts,
victory, The tried to ignore blacking
that victory -
Iad Lor don N4
means tinue memnhers Tar
HLIC.
strike.
There Grwrwick.
The manbeuvres
Broad to
and enemy.
the "settling" the
of
workers force the employing CH CO KWE TURM8S strugales, the judges then step in
movement's demands and ciaim that this victory militaney bat ta the not due te
"Taurness"
Lord Wilberforce' of E n 92 was ohe into
example of this 'human face'
such hun t face willl head
Court of Enquiry.
Scarman is a man experienced in
policy in the north of treland, 1e
Scarban who blamed the death of Kevin Gately on antifasciste covering up the role of
is to ensure that whateuer the result of the Girun wick strike the bosses will extract some gains limiting the right to
LEGAL ACTION
The APEX leadership who are going along with the policy of relying on lepal action are lcading
struggle into a the nASS
blacking that bave brought che Grunwick strike within sight of
Fi osenore Grunwicke Sinte wicks. Sinoe the mass mickering started thi strike has become a rallying cry for the trade union movement. The mass picketting ard blacking is the sure way to win the strike. Mesi Cales July a second
extending the and picketting. and defending the post office wockers Ward to his knees, Then what the caurts decide will bardly matter,
-ven Scarman can't stand up t
Just as the Hin Court recognised' the Freeing of
picketting to rely on the legal in lighting is the road 1o disascer. 11
• hl Toch-
union MOLISEETESEI hardship for those oo the picket-
means Scarman, Ward
locths to work out and try ever
LUCHCEW UCEL
TWO ROADS
are reo roads ar
One is that of the struggle which bas brought the strike to WITIT SNL SEMILUY
ocher
Grancham Labour government That is a
give up all the gains of che last 3 woeks and go back to
weeks without progress. Whether to exrend the picketting
blacking lo raly Scarman and the courts is the mosr imporrant choice so far ic PLIA EITUMTYINA SLELKEI
Il is the choice between victory and surrendering all the main weapons to the
Socialist Challenge
MEETINGS explaining the need for our paper are going abead all TOanO THe COUmEr AO BIEng 3 warm reception
Over 50 people came to the
In Lambeth, South-west London The meeling was Brian Hodpe ine President ol the Lambeth Trades Council, while the speakers
editorial board of Socialist Challenge, plus members CHITIC ALARM (All Lambeth Racist Movement) and a tescher
recentiy reprieved for a yesr from closure
Michael Ward, the Chairperson of the Direct Lahour Com mittee, Wandsworth Borough coancal, scat mis suppor to tac
E welcome the establishment nf Socialis Challenge as a non sectarian paper secking to focus the effores of socialists commitcOTo Dune a a aicrnarrc to the reactionary policies of the Callaghan coalition
'Opposition to cuts in public spending, racism, women's op EEC SIU NOE SE ALIENIOI standards will he furthered by the availabilily of the new paper.
The task of labour movemerit representatives on Councils and atber public bodies must be, no TO-SAUICSE HIE EEC workin cless livine hut to fight for HECTISS cooperate witi the wide move ment, noc work in isolation fram
The attitude of the Grunwich
and their Tory backers 15 a siem ol g ney offensive by emplayers was seen afier the Ceoeral Strike TA TS ABOH E da HIE IE. is crucial. Socialist Challenge wil help to bring that unity about
T nme B aC mccune Tocana! sed that the light altacks on the working class al 00 DVCL 214 HA 13S for the Sucialist Chullenge fight ing fund.
Last week's pover war popular on the Grimwic nicker libe. Over 500 copies of che Sucialist Challenge aucbe our were sald betor The presious issue had equaily good sales. A further four pages in tis issue should see thase sale rigures maintaicied
The next issue of Socialist Challenge will contain * Reports from the T&GWL confereace: * Sarplus Value: Fred Halliday oo Zionism: + Interview with Isrwell socialist; * 'Speak Out' on Mozambique
Home Secretary Meriyn Rees: Fratemising with the cops he cople call oft. chaired by
includec
of Big
ECUAUC
Anti-
OCOLH!
Gonern-
REESCA
standards
policies in the 300
ultrathe tragan
certain! TY EL raged in
bf War.
baltle on its hand
E1,800. To keep
This carne anto our coffers.
Socialist
Slay our
dragon
60°
800
006
1000
1100
1200
200/100
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S. Lawi CeaS-C olution in 1908. At this time civil
the newly-born Carto workers state and Troisky lad D. Clark Just been appoinied Commissar
Socialist Chilege Loo at
that survival. Our dragon will be van- Ouford rach TuNe UneO WE TIL COE ETE
around Trossky 00 target
supporters have to raise t130 pe
week: neariy Ei2
Our thanks to the followins
Challenge groups anc LUTAL 23.934
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